Facebook Interview Question for SDE1s


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2
of 2 vote

@ChrisK, you are completely right, I just missed evidence that I can just calculate second term when I know n and first one. I even know such trick and used it already, but just forget in this case. Updated solution:

private static boolean isSumOfSquares(int n) {
    for(long i=0;i*i<n;i++) {
      double root = Math.sqrt(n-i*i);
      if(Math.abs(root-Math.ceil(root))<1e-6)
         return true;
    }
    return false;
  }
  
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    System.out.println(isSumOfSquares(16)?"YES":"NO");  // YES
    System.out.println(isSumOfSquares(17)?"YES":"NO");  // YES
    System.out.println(isSumOfSquares(26)?"YES":"NO");  // YES
    System.out.println(isSumOfSquares(15)?"YES":"NO");  // NO
    System.out.println(isSumOfSquares(7)?"YES":"NO");  // NO
    System.out.println(isSumOfSquares(63744256)?"YES":"NO");  // YES
  }

- Matviy Ilyashenko November 14, 2017 | Flag Reply
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0
of 0 vote

Just precalculate all squares of numbers between 1 and SQRT(n). Space complexity: O(sqrt(n)), time complexity: O(n) (as it is O(sqrt(n)*sqrt(n)) = O(n)):

private static boolean isSumOfSquares(int n) {
    List<Integer> squares = new ArrayList<Integer>();
    for(long i=1;i*i<n;i++)
      squares.add((int)(i*i));
    for(Integer a : squares)
      for(Integer b: squares)
        if(a+b==n) {
          System.out.println(n+" = "+a+" + "+b);
          return true;
        }
    return false;
  }
  
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    System.out.println(isSumOfSquares(16)?"YES":"NO");
    System.out.println(isSumOfSquares(17)?"YES":"NO");
    System.out.println(isSumOfSquares(26)?"YES":"NO");
  }
}

- Matviy Ilyashenko November 14, 2017 | Flag Reply
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0
of 0 vote

Here's my code in C. Time complexity O(sqrt(n)), space complexity O(1). Uses the sqrt() function though.

bool
target_is_sum_of_two_squares(int target)
{   
    long square = 1;
    for (int i = 1; square < target; i++, square = i*i) {
        double complement_sqrt = sqrt(target - square);
        if (complement_sqrt - (long)complement_sqrt == 0) {
            printf("Found sum of two squares: %d = %d*%d + %ld*%ld.\n", target, i, i, (long)complement_sqrt, (long)complement_sqrt);
            return true;
        }   
    }   
    
    return false;
}

- tng November 14, 2017 | Flag Reply
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0
of 0 vote

@Matviy Ilyashenko:
I think you can do it in O(sqrt(n)) and avoid many expensive sqrt
note that your list doesn't really help you much (it safes you a n^2 - n multiplications for the cost of memory/cache access), you may as well want 4*4 + 0*0 = 16, so maybe we should start at 0. You could as well just repeat the loop of your sqaure calc:

for(long i=0;i*i<=n;i++) 
        for(long j=i;j*j<=n;i++)
		if(i*i+j*j=n) return true;
    return false;

But if you put i*i into a hash-set - I think you don't need to test all pairs and you can avoid sqrt calcs. Note sqrt calc is faster on modern CPUs than maintaining a hash-set.

unordered_set<int> s;
for(int i = 0; i*i <= n; ++i) {
               s.insert(i*i);
               if(s.count(n-i*i) > 0) return true;
} 
return false;

- Chris November 14, 2017 | Flag Reply
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0
of 0 vote

This will print "all" the pair, without duplicates
O(n^0.5) < O(n)

public static void findSumSquares(int num) {

        int n = (int)Math.sqrt(num)/2 + (int)Math.sqrt(num)%2;

        for(int i = 0; i <= n; i++){
            int asqr = num-(int)Math.pow(i,2);
            int a = (int)Math.sqrt(asqr);
            if((int)Math.pow(a,2) == asqr)
                System.out.println("(+/-)"+a+" (+/-)"+i);
        }

    }

- incarose November 14, 2017 | Flag Reply
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0
of 0 vote

I think this is pretty easy question, twoSum problem but the follow up could be killer.

Determine if a number is a sum of any number of squares

- hprem991 November 14, 2017 | Flag Reply
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0
of 0 vote

@hprem991: no killer, it is, n-time the sum of 1^2 ;-)

- Chris November 14, 2017 | Flag Reply
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0
of 0 vote

public static void main(String[] args){
  
    int n = 17;
    boolean ret = isSquareSum(n);
    System.out.println(ret);
  }
 
  public static boolean isSquareSum(int n){
  	int m = (int)Math.sqrt(n);
    int[] arr = new int[n+1];
    for(int i = 0; i <= m; i++){
    	arr[(int)Math.pow(i, 2)] = 1;
    }
    for(int i = 0; i <= m; i++){
    	if(arr[i] > 0 && n-arr[i] >= 0 && arr[n-arr[i]] == 1)
          return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

- sudip.innovates November 14, 2017 | Flag Reply
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0
of 0 vote

As someone said, "Determine if a number is a sum of any number of squares" is not a real killer follow up since you can do 1^2 n times. One may think that "Determine the minimum amount of square numbers that sum up to n" gets worse, but that just transform the problem into a Dynamic Programming classic Coin Change problem where the values of the coins are all square numbers less or equal than n! That's amazing!

- Anonymous November 15, 2017 | Flag Reply
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0
of 0 vote

In Kotlin

Complexity of O(sqrt(n)) and space O(sqrt(n))

fun isSumOfSquares( value: Int ): Boolean{

    if ( value < 2 ) return false

    val maxSq = Math.ceil(Math.sqrt( value.toDouble() )).toInt()
    val sqs = mutableSetOf<Int>()

    (1 .. maxSq ).forEach {
        val sq = it * it
        sqs.add( sq )
        val difference = value - sq
        if ( sqs.contains( difference )){
            println("Yes $sq + $difference")
            return true
        }
    }

    return false

}

- Andy C November 15, 2017 | Flag Reply
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0
of 0 vote

import math

# determine whether a number is the sum of two squares, such as 17 = 16 +1

def is_square_root(n):
    return math.pow(int(math.sqrt(n)), 2) == n

def is_two_square(n):
    for i in range(0, int(n/2)):
        if is_square_root(i) and is_square_root(n-i):
            return i, n-i
    return False

for i in range(100):
    if (is_two_square(i)):
        print("{} = {} + {}".format(i, *is_two_square(i)))

- rz November 16, 2017 | Flag Reply
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0
of 0 vote

public class CheckSquare {
  
        public static void main(String[] args) {

                int in =17;

                for(int n=0;n*n<=in;n++)
                        if(n*n <= in && (n+1)*(n+1)>in) System.out.println(in + " = " + n + "^2 + " + (in - n*n));
        }
}

- thatfernando@yahoo.com November 20, 2017 | Flag Reply
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0
of 0 vote

private static boolean isSumOfSquares2(int n) {
	    List<Integer> squares = new ArrayList<Integer>();
	    for(long i=0;i*i<=n;i++)
	      squares.add((int)(i*i));
	    int low = 0;
	    int high = squares.size()-1;
	    while(low<high) {
	    	if(squares.get(low)+squares.get(high) == n) {
		         // System.out.println(n+" = "+a+" + "+b);
		          return true;
	    	} else if(squares.get(low)+squares.get(high)<n) {
	    		low++;
	    	} else {
	    		high--;
	    	}
	    }
	    return false;
	  }

- Sandeep November 30, 2017 | Flag Reply
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0
of 0 vote

def sum_of_squares(number):
    SQUARES = set()

    i = 1
    while i * i < number:
        square = i * i
        if (number - square) in SQUARES:
            return square, number - square
        SQUARES.add(square)
        i += 1
    return None, None

- saishg March 28, 2018 | Flag Reply


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